When it comes to maintaining or upgrading your excavator, one of the most critical components to consider is the Excavator Track Group. At the heart of this group lies the track chain—a fundamental element that directly influences the machine’s mobility, stability, and operational efficiency. However, not all track chains are created equal. Understanding the different types of track chains can help you make informed decisions that enhance performance and reduce downtime.
In this blog, we’ll break down the various track chain types, their unique features, and how to choose the best one for your excavator.
Before diving into the types of track chains, it’s essential to understand what an Excavator Track Group includes. The track group is a complete assembly consisting of:
Track chains
Track shoes (or pads)
Pins and bushings
Master pins
Track links
Sprockets and rollers (often considered part of the undercarriage)
The track group is responsible for supporting the weight of the excavator and enabling it to move across challenging terrains, such as mud, gravel, or loose soil. The track chain, in particular, connects all the track shoes together and ensures smooth, continuous movement.
There are primarily two types of track chains used in excavators: sealed track chains and sealed and lubricated track chains (commonly abbreviated as SAL chains). Let’s look at them in detail.
Sealed chains are standard in many heavy machinery applications. In this design, a seal is placed between the pin and bushing to keep out debris and moisture, which helps prevent early wear.
Durable under normal working conditions
Cost-effective
Suitable for moderate workloads and standard excavation tasks
Requires regular maintenance and monitoring
Excavators working in environments where extreme loads or long hours aren’t common. Sealed track chains are perfect for small to mid-size machines doing routine construction work.
SAL chains represent a more advanced version of the sealed chain. They include internal lubrication between the pin and bushing, reducing metal-on-metal wear and extending the service life of the chain.
Lower friction and smoother movement
Extended lifespan
Reduced maintenance needs
Better resistance to heat and wear
Suitable for high-impact and long-duration jobs
Large excavators used in mining, quarrying, or high-duty construction applications. These chains are ideal for projects where downtime is costly and equipment is pushed to its limits.
Apart from the seal and lubrication aspect, track chains can also be categorized based on their lubrication method:
Dry Chains: Basic chains with no grease; suitable for low-budget or low-use applications.
Greased Chains: Lubricated during assembly; offer better longevity and less wear than dry chains.
Oil-Lubricated Chains: Typically used in SAL chains; the oil stays sealed inside for extended operation.
Selecting the right track chain for your Excavator Track Group depends on several factors:
Work Environment: Harsh terrains with abrasive materials require more robust, lubricated chains.
Usage Frequency: Machines operating daily for extended hours benefit from SAL chains.
Machine Size: Larger excavators put more stress on chains, demanding higher durability and lubrication.
Budget: While SAL chains are more expensive upfront, they often save money in the long run through reduced maintenance and longer service life.
Knowing when to replace your excavator’s track chain can prevent larger failures. Look for:
Uneven wear on track shoes
Excessive track sag
Bushing or pin failure
Cracking or stretching of the track chain
Increased noise or vibration during operation
Regular inspections of your Excavator Track Group can help you spot these issues early.
Understanding the different types of track chains is essential for optimizing the performance and longevity of your Excavator Track Group. Whether you choose a sealed chain for standard jobs or invest in a sealed and lubricated (SAL) chain for demanding environments, making the right choice ensures fewer breakdowns and more productivity.
When selecting replacement parts, always consult with your equipment manufacturer or a trusted dealer to match the correct chain type with your excavator model and usage.
Choosing wisely today will keep your excavator running smoothly tomorrow.
TEAM Excavator & Dozer Parts is one of the largest manufacturers of heavy construction, mining and earth moving equipment parts, such as Excavators & Bulldozers, in Southern India.